Surabaya officially established in 1293. Date of event captured is a victory of Raden Wijaya, the first King Mojopahit against Chinese troops.

The role of the port city of Surabaya as very important since long. When the river is a river filled Kalimas boats that sail toward the corners of Surabaya.

Surabaya City is also strongly associated with the revolution of independence of the Republic of Indonesia. Since the Dutch and Japanese occupation, the people of Surabaya (Arek Suroboyo) fought desperately to win independence. The peak on November 10, 1945, Arek Suroboyo occupied Orange Hotel (now Hotel Mojopahit) who was a symbol of colonialism. Because of his perseverance, then each of November 10, Indonesia warned as Heroes Day.

Historical evidence shows that Surabaya had existed long before the colonial era, as shown in the inscription Trowulan I numbered from 1358 AD The inscription was revealed that Surabaya (Churabhaya) is still a village of the river ditepian Fight as one of the important places along the river crossings.

Surabaya (Churabhaya) are also listed in the State pujasastra Kertagama written by MPU Prapanca about cruise travel king Hayam Wuruk in the year 1385 AD in the stanza XVII (stanza to 5, last line)

Although the oldest written evidence includes the name of Surabaya, framed in 1358 AD Pprasasti Trowulan) and 1365 M (State Kertagama), experts suspect that Surabaya had existed prior to these years.

According to the hypothesis of Von Faber, Surabaya, was established in 1275 AD by King Kertanegara as a new settlement for soldiers who managed to quell the rebellion Kemuruhan year 1270 AD Another hypothesis says that Surabaya was named Edge Galuh.

Another version says that the name originated from Surabaya stories about life and death fights Duke Jayengrono and Sawunggaling. It is said that after defeating the army of Tartars, Raden Wijaya founded a palace at Ujung Galuh and put Duke Jayengrono to lead the area. Long since mastered the science Crocodile, Jayengrono increasingly strong and independent so that threaten the sovereignty of Majapahit. To conquer Jayengrono diutuslah Sawunggaling a master of science Sura. Conducted a power struggle Kalimas riverside near Peneleh. Kesaktian ramming it lasts for seven days and seven nights and ended with the tragic, because they both died of exhaustion.

The word "SURABAYA" is also often interpreted philosophically as a symbol of the struggle between land and water, between land and water. Also from Surabaya words also appear Suro myth of the battle between fish (Sura) and Boyo (Baya or crocodile), which suggests that the name appears after the battle of Surabaya between Sura and Crocodile fish (Baya)

In order not to cause uncertainty in the community then Walikotamdya Head of Level II Surabaya, held by Mr Soeparno, issued Decree No. 64/WK/75 about the determination of the anniversary of the city of Surabaya. The decree set a date of May 31, 1293 as the date of the anniversary of the city of Surabaya. Date is set for an agreement established by a group of historians that the name of Surabaya City Government derived from the word "Sura ing Bhaya" which means "Courage to face danger" is taken from the round defeat of the Mongol army led by Raden Wijaya Java forces on May 31, 1293.

About the symbol of Surabaya city in the form of fish and crocodiles Sura there are many stories. One of the famous Sura of fish and crocodiles fight narrated by LCR. Breeman Nutspaarbank a leader in Surabaya in 1918.

There are many other stories about the meaning and spirit of Surabaya. Everything inspires symbols making the city of Surabaya. The symbol of Surabaya city in force until the current set by the big city of Surabaya DPDRS No decision. 34/DPRS dated June 19, 1955 reinforced by Presidential Decree No. 193 1955 December 14, 1956....

The period of the life of the ancient history of Indonesia is characterized by the strong influence of Hindu culture that comes from India since the first century of life that distinguish the color of Madya era of Indonesian history and new era. Bojonegoro While still in the Majapahit empire, until the XVI century when the collapse of the Majapahit kingdom, the power moved to Demak, Central Java. Bojonegoro into the kingdom of Demak, so that the history of ancient Bojonegoro Hindu patterned with the fact that such findings are many historical relics from ancient times in Bojonegoro jurisdictions began to take shape. The slogan that is embedded in the traditions of society since the time of Majapahit "selfless, rame ing gawe" still owned until now.

Bojonegoro as the kingdom of Demak have high loyalty to the king and kingdom. Then in connection with the development of a new culture that is Islamic, Hindu cultural influence of urgency and there was a shift in values and social order of old values to new values of Islam Hinduism without turmoil. Raden Patah, Senopati Jumbun, Duke Bintoro, was inaugurated as the first king of the early sixteenth century and has since become the territory's sovereignty Bojonegoro Demak. In the transition of power that accompanied Bojonegoro upheaval brought into the territory of the kingdom with the king Raden Jaka Pajang Tinggkir Pajang Duke in 1568. Benawa prince, son of Sultan Pajang, Adiwijaya feel unable to resist Senopati who have seized power Pajang 1587. So bring all heirloom Senopati Pajang to Mataram kingdom, so Bojonegoro again shifted into the kingdom of Mataram. Mataram area that has been given to Sunan Amangkurat VOC based on the agreement, the north coast of Java island, to the detriment of Mataram. Agreement in 1677 is hard for political defeat against the VOC of Mataram. Therefore, the status of the Duchy was changed to the district with Regent Worldwide Wedana Wetan, Mas Toemapel which also doubles as the District I, which is located in Jipang on October 20, 1677. So the date, month and year is designated as day to be district Bojonegoro. In the year 1725 Susuhunan Pakubuwono II ascended the throne. That year also ordered that Raden Tumenggung Susuhunan Haria Mentahun I move the district administrative center to the Village Jipang from Padangan Rajekwesi. Location Rajekwesi ± 10 km in the southern town of Bojonegoro. As memories of the success of the ancestor who left a name for Bojonegoro fragrant, not surprising that the names remain Rajekwesi remembered in the hearts of the people Bojonegoro until now. 

source www.bojonegoro.go.id

Lamongan first is the Gate to the Kingdom Kahuripan, Panjalu Kingdom, the Kingdom Jenggala, Kingdom Singosari or Mojopahit Kingdom, located in Ujung Galuh, Canggu and floating White (Tuban). After that grow port Sedayu Lawas and Gujaratan (Gresik), is a very crowded area, as a connective relationship with the Kingdom outside of Java and even outside the State.

Age of Empire Medang Kamulan in East Java, a small kingdom developed in Lamongan Malawapati (now the village village Against Kedung Sambeng Wangi district) led by the King of Great Angling Dharma Sakti assisted Patih Batik Maadrim including ancient Bojonegoro area. Currently stored properly, and dress Anglingdarma Sumping didusun it. To the west stood the Kingdom Rajekwesi near the town of Bojonegoro now.

At the time of the Majapahit Kingdom was led King Hayam Wuruk (1350 -1389) left-right region to region Pardikan Solo. Is a buffer zone Mojopahit economy and the road to the White Kambang port. This region is called the Autonomous Region under the control Bhre Pamotan Pamotan or Sri Baduga Bhrameswara uncle of King Hayam Wuruk (Petilasan village district Pamotan Sambeng), previously. Under the control Bhre Wengker (Roxburgh). Pamotan autonomous region covering 3 areas akuwu government, including Regional Biluluk (Bluluk) Tenggulunan Region (Tenggulun Solokuro), and the area Pepadhangan (Padangan Bojonegoro).

According to the book has stood Kertagama State cadre of the pupil center of the mole in Wonosrama Shiva Buddha housed in Balwa (Karangbinangun Blawi village), in Pacira (Spring Duwur Paciran), in Klupang (Lopang Kembangbahu) and in Luwansa (village buffoonery Ngimbang). Tripe Tripe Village district ditengarahi Bubat war, because at that time one of tripe delivered 42 temapt crossings along the Solo river flow. This information is contained in the inscription Biluluk stored in the Elephant Museum of Jakarta, a piece of copper and 39 gurit in Lamongan scattered in the mountains of eastern Kendeng and several other place.

By the fall of the year Mojopahit 1478M, Lamongan that time was under powers Keerajaan Sengguruh (Singosari) alternately with the Kingdom Kertosono (Nganjuk) known as the Mountain region was ruled by demung Kendeng Wetan, located near Buddhist Temple in Mantup Shiva. After that ruled till Rakrian Rangga 1542M (petilasan in mushalla KH.M.Mastoer Asnawi Kranggan Lamongan town). Mojopahit power under the control of Ario Jimbun (Ariajaya) son King UB V in Galgahwangi who changed the title of Sultan of Demak Bintoro Alam Akbar Al Fatah (Raden Patah) from 1500 to 1518, then replaced his son, Duke Unus 1518 -1521 AD, Sultan Trenggono 1521 to 1546 M.

In developing its ambitions, the sultan sent Sunan Gunung Jati Trenggono (Fatahilah) to the west to conquer Banten, White Rose, danCirebon. Go directly east dpimpin Emperor himself invaded Lasem, Tuban and Surabaya before attacking the Kingdom Blambangan (Panarukan). At conquer Surabaya and its surrounding area, government Rakryan Rangga Segunting Kali (Lamong), conquered by the Sultan Trenggono 1541. But the year 1542 a great battle between the forces aided Rakkryan Segunting Kali Kingdom sengguruh (Singosari) and under the leadership of the Kingdom Kertosono Nganjuk Goose and Ki Ki Ageng Ageng Panuluh, can be conquered of Demak Sultanate armies led by Raden Abu Amin, Panji Laras, Panji lyrical. Fierce fighting occurred in the area of Bandung, Kalibumbung, Tambakboyo and surrounding areas.

1543M years, began the government-sanctioned Islam Sunan Giri III, by Sultan Abu Amin R. Trenggono instituted to lead Karanggan Segunting Kali, whose territory once flanked times Lamong and Solo. Solo time be northern region of Tuban, fief Drajat, Sidayu, while the southern region is still a region once Lamong Japanan and Jombang. 1556 M R. Abu Amin's death was replaced by R. Hadi who was an uncle of Sunan Giri III as Rangga Hadi 1556-1569M Exactly Thursday 10 Dhu al-Hijjah Pahing 976H or coincide 1569M May 26, Rangga Hadi inaugurated as Tumenggung Lamong title Tumenggung Surajaya (Soerodjojo) until in 1607 and was buried in the village Tumenggungan Lamongan district known as the Graveyard Mbah Lamong. This date was used as a Day So Lamongan.

After Indonesia Merdeka August 17, 1945, a local Lamongan frontline troops against the Dutch occupation, planning attacks November 10, Bung Tomo in Surabaya also carried out first by visiting the Kyai Lamongan with typical incendiary spirit cries Allahu Akbar. Lamongan formerly poor areas and flood subscription, gradually rose into the area prospered and became a reference elsewhere in the alleviation of flooding. There used slogan "Wong Lamongan not iso ndodok Rendeng Grandma, Grandma ketigo not iso cewok" but is now overcome by the motto of the Sunan Drajat, Derajate the Sunan and Kyai "Memayu Raharjaning Praja" which is completely done with fundamental changes in the prosperity of the people still holding the culture together to help each other in accordance Kanjeng message Sunan Drajat "Menehono mangan wong kangluwe Marang, Marang paying menehono kudanan wong kang, menehono sketch wong kang wutho Marang, Marang busaono menehono wong kang wudho"

Name Kediri there is an opinion derived from the word "Kedi" which means "barren" or "Women who do not berdatang months". According to the dictionary of ancient Javanese Wasito Wojo, 'Kedi' means gelding Midwife or Shaman. In the play Puppet, The Arjuno ever Dance Teacher posing in the State Virata, named "Kedi WRAKANTOLO". If we associate with the name of Goddess figures Kilisuci who meditated in caves Selomangleng, "Kedi" means Holy or Wadad. Besides, the word Kediri come from the word "SELF" which means Adeg, Angdhiri , to attend or to be King (Jumenengan Java language). For that we can read the inscription "Wanua" saka 830 years, which of them reads: "Ing Saka cetra nasa danami a scale of 706 ka pa sa wara, angdhiri rake panaraban", meaning: in saka year 706 or 734 AD, the reign of King Pake

Panaraban, Kediri many names found in ancient literature the ancient Javanese language such as: Book Samaradana, Pararaton, Candidate Countries and the Book Kertagama Charcoal. Similarly, in some inscriptions that mention the name of Kediri like: Inscription Ceber, framed in 1109 saka Ceker located in the village, now the Village District Sukoanyar Mojo.Dalam this inscription says, because people Ceker credited to the King, then they get gifts, "fief ". In the inscription were the words "Sri Maharaja Go Ri Siminaninaring Bhuwi Kadiri" means the king has returned kesimanya, or hopes in the Bhumi Kadiri. Inscription Kamulan Kamulan Village Trenggalek who departed in 1116 saka, exactly according to Damais dated August 31, 1194. In the inscription also mentions the name, Kediri, which was attacked by the king of the kingdom to the east. "Aka ni kala satru wadwa sangke purnowo", so that the king left the palace in Katangkatang ("when nin talents sangke kadetwan katang ring-Denis katang nkir malr yatik kaprabon sri maharaja siniwi Bhumi kadiri ring "). According to the father of MM.
Sukarto Kartoatmojo mentions that "the day so Kediri" appears the first time comes from three inscriptions Harinjing ABC, but his opinion, the most appropriate name dimuculkan Kadiri on all three inscriptions. The reason Prasti Harinjing A March 25 804 BC, considered older than the inscriptions on both B and C, which is dated September 19, 921 and dated June 7, 1015 AD. Viewed from the third date specified name Kediri March 25, 804 M. When Bagawantabhari awarded fief from King Rake Layang Dyah Tulodong third inscription written on Harinjing. Name Kediri small initially and then evolved into the name of the Kingdom of Panjalu a large and historically well-known until now. Subsequently Regent Decree To derah Level II FC dated January 22, 1985 number 82 of 1985 on the anniversary of Kediri, which Article 1 reads "25 March 804 AD established a Day Kediri.

                                                                                                         

Source : www.kediri.go.id